First Aid And CPR Classes

First Aid And CPR Classes

Table of Contents:

• Introduction
• Why Are First Aid and CPR Classes Important?
• Types of First Aid and CPR Classes
• Finding the Right Class for You
• The Basics of First Aid
• H1: Understanding the Importance of Immediate Response
• H2: Basic First Aid Techniques
• CPR: A Life-Saving Skill
• H1: The Significance of CPR
• H2: Learning Hands-Only CPR
• H3: Traditional CPR Training
• Who Should Take First Aid and CPR Classes?
• Where to Find First Aid and CPR Classes
• Online vs. In-Person Classes
• How to Prepare for Your First Aid and CPR Class
• What to Expect During the Class
• Certification and Renewal
• Benefits of First Aid and CPR Certification
• Real-Life Stories: The Impact of First Aid and CPR Knowledge
• Conclusion
• FAQs

Introduction

In times of crisis, knowing how to provide immediate assistance can be a matter of life and death. First Aid and CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) classes offer the essential skills and knowledge needed to respond effectively in emergencies. In this article, we will delve into the significance of these classes, the different types available, where to find them, and how they can benefit you and your community.

Why Are First Aid and CPR Classes Important?

Immediate Response Saves Lives

Immediate response is crucial when accidents or medical emergencies occur. First Aid and CPR classes teach you how to take quick and effective action to minimize the impact of injuries or health crises until professional help arrives.

Let's delve into more detail about how immediate response saves lives, especially in the context of first aid and CPR classes.

Immediate Response Saves Lives: A Deeper Understanding

Immediate response, as the name suggests, refers to the rapid actions taken in the critical moments following an accident or a medical emergency. These initial minutes are often the most crucial in determining the outcome of the situation. Here's a closer look at why immediate response is so vital:

1. Minimizing Brain and Organ Damage: In many emergency situations, such as heart attacks, strokes, or severe injuries, the lack of oxygen-rich blood reaching the brain and vital organs can result in permanent damage or even death. Immediate response techniques, such as CPR, aim to maintain blood circulation and oxygen supply until professional medical help arrives.
2. Bystander Intervention: In most emergency situations, bystanders are often the first on the scene. Their immediate response can make a significant difference. For instance, when someone collapses due to cardiac arrest, starting CPR right away can double or triple their chances of survival.
3. Reducing Blood Loss: In cases of severe bleeding, immediate actions like applying pressure on the wound with a bandage or cloth can help reduce blood loss, preventing shock and increasing the chances of recovery.
4. Preventing Choking: Immediate response is crucial when someone is choking. Knowing the Heimlich maneuver and applying it promptly can dislodge the obstruction and save a life.
5. Supporting Breathing: In situations where someone stops breathing, quick intervention is essential. Knowing how to clear airways and provide artificial respiration through techniques learned in first aid and CPR classes can be life-saving.
6. Enhancing the "Chain of Survival": Medical professionals often refer to the "Chain of Survival," a series of critical steps in an emergency. The first link in this chain is immediate response, followed by early defibrillation, advanced care, and rehabilitation. Immediate response by a trained individual ensures the chain begins with strength.
7. Minimizing Psychological Trauma: Beyond physical consequences, immediate response can also help minimize psychological trauma. Knowing that someone is there to help and take charge of a situation can provide comfort to the victim and those around, reducing panic and stress.

In essence, immediate response skills are not just about acting quickly but also about acting effectively. First aid and CPR classes provide individuals with the knowledge and training necessary to recognize various emergencies and respond appropriately. By learning these skills, you become a critical first responder, increasing the chances of a positive outcome and potentially saving lives in the process. Immediate response truly serves as the cornerstone of effective emergency care.

Types of First Aid and CPR Classes

Choosing the right class is essential. You can opt for general first aid training, which covers a wide range of scenarios, or specialized classes focusing on particular situations, like pediatric first aid or wilderness first aid.

Explore more about the types of First Aid and CPR classes available. These classes offer a range of specialized training to cater to different needs and situations.

Types of First Aid and CPR Classes: A Comprehensive Guide

1. Basic First Aid and CPR: These are the foundational classes that cover essential skills. In these courses, participants learn how to respond to common medical emergencies, such as cuts, burns, fractures, and cardiac arrest. Basic CPR techniques, which include chest compressions and rescue breaths, are taught as well.
2. Pediatric First Aid and CPR: These classes focus on the unique needs of infants and children. Parents, caregivers, and teachers often take these courses to learn how to respond to emergencies involving children. Topics may include pediatric CPR, choking, and recognizing childhood illnesses.
3. Advanced First Aid: Geared towards those who want a deeper understanding of first aid techniques, advanced first aid classes cover a wider range of topics, such as wound care, spinal injuries, and managing severe allergic reactions. These classes are particularly useful for individuals in high-risk jobs or those who enjoy outdoor activities.
4. Wilderness First Aid: Designed for outdoor enthusiasts, wilderness first aid courses teach participants how to handle medical emergencies in remote areas where professional medical assistance may be far away. Topics include improvising medical supplies and dealing with environmental injuries.
5. CPR for Healthcare Providers: Healthcare professionals often require specialized CPR training. These classes provide in-depth instruction on advanced life support, defibrillation, and managing complex medical emergencies encountered in a clinical setting.
6. AED Training: Automated External Defibrillator (AED) training is sometimes offered as a separate course or as part of CPR classes. Participants learn how to use AED devices, which can be crucial in cardiac emergencies.
7. Online First Aid and CPR Classes: With the advent of technology, many organizations offer online first aid and CPR classes. While these courses cover essential skills, they may not provide hands-on practice. They are suitable for individuals who prefer flexible learning schedules.
8. Blended Learning: Some organizations offer a blend of online and in-person training. Participants can complete part of the course online and then attend in-person sessions to practice skills and receive certification.
9. Community-Specific First Aid: These courses cater to specific communities, such as workplaces, schools, or sports teams. They focus on the types of emergencies that are most likely to occur in those settings, like workplace injuries or sports-related injuries.
10. Mental Health First Aid: In addition to physical first aid, mental health first aid courses are becoming increasingly popular. These classes teach participants how to recognize and respond to individuals experiencing mental health crises or substance abuse issues.
11. Instructor Training: For those interested in teaching first aid and CPR, instructor training courses are available. These programs prepare individuals to become certified instructors who can then train others in life-saving skills.

When considering which type of First Aid and CPR class to take, it's essential to assess your specific needs, such as your profession, hobbies, and personal circumstances. The right training can empower you to respond effectively in emergencies, potentially saving lives and making your community a safer place.

Finding the Right Class for You

Selecting the appropriate class depends on your needs and interests. For parents, pediatric first aid might be a top choice, while adventure enthusiasts may prefer wilderness first aid.

The process of finding the right First Aid and CPR class that suits your specific needs.

Finding the Right Class for You: A Step-by-Step Guide

1. Identify Your Purpose: The first step in finding the right class is to understand why you want to learn First Aid and CPR. Are you a parent looking to safeguard your family? Are you preparing for a job that requires certification? Do you have a specific outdoor hobby that might expose you to unique risks? Knowing your purpose will help you choose the most relevant class.
2. Consider Your Audience: If you have a specific audience in mind, such as children, seniors, or people with special needs, consider taking specialized classes that cater to these groups. Pediatric, senior-specific, and disability-focused First Aid and CPR classes are available to address the unique needs of these populations.
3. Assess Your Profession: If your goal is to improve your qualifications for your job, research whether your industry has specific requirements. Healthcare workers, teachers, lifeguards, and certain other professionals may need specialized certifications. Verify which certifications are recognized by your employer or industry.
4. Evaluate Your Environment: Think about the environments in which you spend the most time. For example, if you are an avid hiker, wilderness First Aid may be beneficial. If you work in an office, a basic First Aid and CPR class might suffice. Understanding your typical surroundings can help you select the most applicable skills.
5. Consider the Class Format: Determine whether you prefer in-person or online classes. In-person classes offer hands-on practice and immediate instructor feedback, while online courses provide flexibility. Some individuals prefer blended learning, which combines online modules with in-person skills sessions.
6. Check Instructor Qualifications: Ensure that the class you choose is taught by qualified and certified instructors. Look for programs accredited by organizations like the American Heart Association or the American Red Cross. Verified instructors provide the most accurate and up-to-date information.
7. Assess the Curriculum: Review the class curriculum to make sure it covers the topics you are interested in or require. This might include basic CPR techniques, AED usage, choking response, wound care, and specific scenarios like drowning or allergic reactions.
8. Course Duration: Consider how much time you can dedicate to the training. Some classes are completed in a few hours, while others may take several days. Choose a class that fits your schedule.
9. Certification Validity: Be aware of how long the certification is valid and whether it can be renewed easily. Most certifications are valid for two years, and you may need to take a refresher course to maintain your status.
10. Cost and Accessibility: Compare the costs of different classes and check if there are any available discounts. Additionally, consider the location of the classes and whether they are easily accessible to you.
11. Read Reviews and Get Recommendations: Online reviews and recommendations from friends, family, or colleagues who have taken First Aid and CPR classes can provide valuable insights into the quality of the training.

By following these steps and carefully considering your purpose, audience, environment, and other factors, you can find the right First Aid and CPR class that best suits your needs and empowers you to respond effectively in emergencies.

The Basics of First Aid

Understanding the Importance of Immediate Response

The first minutes following an accident or health crisis are the most critical. First Aid classes emphasize the importance of quick thinking and immediate action.

Understanding the Importance of Immediate Response in the context of First Aid and CPR is crucial because it's the foundation of effective emergency care. Let's explore this concept in more detail.

Immediate Response: The Critical First Step

Immediate response refers to the rapid and correct actions taken in the initial moments of an emergency, injury, or sudden illness. This phase is often the most critical as it sets the tone for the victim's chances of survival and recovery. Here's why understanding the importance of immediate response is paramount:

1. Time Sensitivity: Many emergencies, such as cardiac arrest, choking, or severe bleeding, are incredibly time-sensitive. A delay of just a few minutes can significantly impact the outcome. Immediate response aims to bridge the gap between the incident and the arrival of professional medical help.
2. Minimizing Further Damage: Quick and appropriate actions during the immediate response phase can prevent the situation from deteriorating. For instance, applying pressure to a bleeding wound or clearing an obstructed airway during choking can stop the condition from worsening.
3. Preserving Life: In life-threatening situations, such as cardiac arrest, immediate response can mean the difference between life and death. Effective CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) started promptly can keep the heart pumping and oxygen flowing, buying time until professional help arrives.
4. Preventing Complications: Immediate response can also help prevent complications. For example, in the case of a bone fracture, proper immobilization during the immediate response phase can prevent further damage to the injured area and reduce pain.
5. Supporting the Chain of Survival: Medical professionals often refer to the "Chain of Survival," which comprises a series of critical steps in treating life-threatening emergencies. Immediate response is the first link in this chain, followed by early defibrillation, advanced care, and post-recovery support. Ensuring a strong first link is essential for the entire chain to be effective.
6. Reducing Psychological Impact: The immediate presence of someone who knows what to do can provide emotional support and reduce psychological trauma for both the victim and witnesses. A confident and capable responder can help calm those involved and provide assurance.
7. Empowerment: Knowledge of immediate response empowers individuals to take action rather than feel helpless in an emergency. This empowerment can be life-saving not only for the victim but for the responder as well.
8. Public Safety: When more people in a community are trained in immediate response, the overall safety of that community improves. Accidents and medical emergencies can happen anywhere, and having trained individuals nearby can be invaluable.

Understanding the importance of immediate response in First Aid and CPR is recognizing that it is the critical foundation of effective emergency care. The ability to act swiftly and appropriately during the early moments of an emergency can significantly increase the chances of a positive outcome, save lives, and prevent further harm. Immediate response truly serves as the linchpin for effective emergency care.

Basic First Aid Techniques

You'll learn vital techniques such as wound cleaning, bandaging, and how to manage common injuries like sprains, burns, and cuts.

Let's delve into more clarity about Basic First Aid Techniques. Basic First Aid is a fundamental set of skills that anyone can learn to provide immediate care for common injuries and medical emergencies. Here are some of the key techniques involved:

1. Assessment: The first step in providing First Aid is to assess the situation. Ensure your safety, and then check the victim's responsiveness. If the person is unconscious, call for help immediately.
2. Calling for Help: If the situation is serious or if the victim is unconscious and not breathing, call 911 (or the local emergency number) to summon professional medical assistance. Do this before you start administering First Aid.
3. CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation): CPR is a crucial technique used to restart a person's heart and breathing if they are unresponsive and not breathing. It involves chest compressions and rescue breaths. Basic CPR involves 30 chest compressions followed by two rescue breaths.
4. Choking: If someone is choking and cannot breathe or speak, you should perform the Heimlich maneuver. This technique involves applying sudden upward pressure to the abdomen to dislodge the obstruction. For conscious choking victims, encourage them to cough forcefully.
5. Wound Care: This includes cleaning and dressing wounds to prevent infection. Rinse the wound with clean water and cover it with a sterile bandage. In cases of heavy bleeding, apply direct pressure on the wound with a clean cloth.
6. Fractures: If you suspect someone has a broken bone, immobilize the injured area to prevent further damage. You can use splints or improvised materials like boards or rolled-up newspapers to keep the broken bone steady.
7. Burns: Different degrees of burns require different treatments. For minor burns, run cold water over the affected area. For more severe burns, cover the area with a sterile, non-stick dressing and seek medical attention.
8. Sprains and Strains: Use the R.I.C.E. method - Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation. Rest the injured area, apply ice, wrap it with a compression bandage, and elevate it to reduce swelling.
9. Allergic Reactions: Administer an EpiPen or an epinephrine auto-injector if the person is known to have severe allergies and is experiencing a severe allergic reaction. This can help counteract the reaction temporarily, but medical help is still essential.
10. Seizures: During a seizure, keep the person safe by moving any dangerous objects away. Place the person on their side to keep the airway clear. Do not put anything in their mouth, and stay with them until the seizure ends.
11. Nosebleeds: Have the person lean forward slightly, pinch their nostrils together, and breathe through their mouth. This will help control the bleeding.
12. Eye Injuries: Rinse the eye gently with clean, lukewarm water if a foreign object is lodged in the eye. For chemical exposure, flush the eye with water for at least 15 minutes.

These are just some of the basic First Aid techniques that can make a significant difference in an emergency situation. Learning these skills can empower you to respond effectively in times of need, potentially preventing further harm and ensuring the best possible outcome until professional medical help arrives. Remember that First Aid training is crucial for mastering these techniques and understanding when and how to apply them.

CPR: A Life-Saving Skill

The Significance of CPR

CPR is a crucial skill that can mean the difference between life and death in cardiac emergencies. It involves chest compressions and rescue breaths to maintain blood flow and oxygen to the brain.

The significance of CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) and why it's a crucial life-saving skill

The Significance of CPR: A Vital Life-Saving Technique

• Immediate Response: Cardiac arrests can happen suddenly, and without immediate intervention, they can be fatal. CPR allows a bystander to take immediate action, pumping oxygen-rich blood to the brain and vital organs, buying crucial time until professional help arrives.
• Brain and Organ Preservation: During a cardiac arrest, the heart stops pumping blood, depriving the brain and other vital organs of oxygen. CPR helps maintain blood circulation, preserving brain function and preventing irreversible damage.
• Increased Survival Rates: When CPR is administered promptly and correctly, it can significantly increase a person's chances of survival. In fact, early CPR, followed by defibrillation if necessary, can double or even triple the likelihood of survival.
• Reduced Discomfort and Pain: CPR helps to maintain some level of blood flow, which can reduce pain and discomfort for the victim. It's a compassionate response in times of crisis.
• Chain of Survival: CPR is often considered the first link in the "Chain of Survival." This chain consists of early recognition and activation of emergency services, immediate CPR, early defibrillation, and advanced medical care. Ensuring a strong start with CPR is essential for the entire chain to be effective.
• Hands-Only CPR: Hands-Only CPR, a simplified version of traditional CPR, emphasizes continuous chest compressions without rescue breaths. It's easier to learn and perform, making it more likely that bystanders will intervene in an emergency.
• Universal Skill: CPR is a universal skill that anyone can learn. It empowers individuals to take action and potentially save lives in various settings, from home and workplaces to public spaces and community events.
• Versatile Skill: CPR is not only applicable in cardiac arrests but can also be used in other situations where breathing or circulation has stopped. It's a versatile skill that can help in drowning incidents, drug overdoses, and other emergencies.
• Complementary to AEDs: Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) are often used in conjunction with CPR. When an AED is available, it can deliver an electric shock to restore a normal heart rhythm. CPR helps keep blood flowing until an AED is ready for use.
• Community Safety: Widespread knowledge of CPR in a community can improve overall safety. With more individuals trained in CPR, the chances of immediate response in public spaces increase, making the community a safer place.

In summary, the significance of CPR cannot be overstated. It is a fundamental skill that empowers individuals to take immediate action in cardiac emergencies and other situations where circulation and breathing have ceased. By administering CPR promptly and effectively, a bystander can be the critical link between a life-threatening situation and a positive outcome, potentially saving lives and minimizing the impact of cardiac arrests.

Learning Hands-Only CPR

For those who want a simpler approach, Hands-Only CPR can be learned in just a few hours and focuses solely on chest compressions, eliminating the need for mouth-to-mouth ventilation.

Hands-Only CPR is a simplified and highly effective form of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) that focuses exclusively on chest compressions without the need for mouth-to-mouth rescue breaths. It's designed to be easy to learn and perform, making it accessible to a broader audience. Here's more about Hands-Only CPR.

Hands-Only CPR: Simplified Life-Saving Technique

1. No Mouth-to-Mouth Resuscitation: Unlike traditional CPR, which involves a combination of chest compressions and rescue breaths, Hands-Only CPR eliminates the need for mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. This simplification makes it more palatable for bystanders to intervene in an emergency.
2. Faster and Easier to Learn: Hands-Only CPR is straightforward to learn and perform, even for those with no prior CPR training. The simplicity of the technique means that more people can confidently provide immediate assistance during a cardiac arrest.
3. Continuous Chest Compressions: The primary focus of Hands-Only CPR is to deliver high-quality chest compressions. Rescuers are instructed to push hard and fast in the center of the chest, typically at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute. This continuous pressure helps maintain blood circulation, providing oxygen to the brain and vital organs.
4. Immediate Action: In cardiac emergencies, every second counts. Hands-Only CPR encourages immediate action. Bystanders are advised to begin chest compressions right away upon recognizing a person in cardiac arrest, without the hesitation often associated with the fear of performing mouth-to-mouth ventilation.
5. Increased Survival Rates: Hands-Only CPR has been proven to be as effective as traditional CPR for adult victims of sudden cardiac arrest. When started promptly, it can double or even triple a person's chances of survival.
6. Community-Wide Accessibility: The simplicity of Hands-Only CPR means that more individuals can become trained and confident in providing life-saving assistance. This increases the likelihood of immediate response and interventions in public spaces, improving community safety.
7. Empowerment: Learning Hands-Only CPR empowers individuals to act in the face of an emergency. It offers the confidence to take immediate, effective action while waiting for professional help to arrive.
8. Combines with AEDs: Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) are often used in conjunction with Hands-Only CPR. When an AED is available, it can analyze the victim's heart rhythm and provide electric shocks, if necessary. Hands-Only CPR ensures that blood circulation is maintained until an AED is ready for use.

Hands-Only CPR is a simplified yet highly effective technique that focuses on continuous chest compressions without the need for rescue breaths. It's designed to make CPR more accessible to the general public, allowing more people to confidently respond in cardiac emergencies, potentially saving lives and improving the chances of a positive outcome for victims of sudden cardiac arrest.

Traditional CPR Training

Traditional CPR training includes both chest compressions and rescue breaths. It's ideal for those who want a more comprehensive understanding of life-saving techniques.

Traditional CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) training involves a more comprehensive approach compared to Hands-Only CPR. In traditional CPR, chest compressions are combined with rescue breaths to provide more advanced life support during cardiac emergencies. Here's an overview of Traditional CPR Training:

• Comprehensive Life Support: Traditional CPR combines chest compressions with rescue breaths. The chest compressions help maintain blood circulation, while the rescue breaths provide the victim with essential oxygen.
• Mouth-to-Mouth Resuscitation: Traditional CPR includes the practice of giving rescue breaths by mouth. Rescuers learn how to open the victim's airway, tilt the head, and give two breaths, ensuring that the chest rises visibly with each breath. This helps deliver oxygen directly into the victim's lungs.
• Ratio of Compressions to Ventilations: In traditional CPR training, there is an established ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths. The standard ratio is 30 chest compressions followed by two rescue breaths. This cycle is repeated continuously during CPR.
• Advanced Skill: Traditional CPR is considered an advanced skill and is typically taught in more in-depth CPR courses. It may be required for healthcare professionals or individuals seeking advanced certifications.
• Specialized Techniques: Traditional CPR training often includes instruction on specialized techniques, such as CPR for infants, children, or victims with advanced medical conditions. These variations ensure that responders can adapt their skills to different situations.
• Advanced Equipment: Traditional CPR courses may involve the use of advanced CPR equipment, such as bag-valve masks, pocket masks, or specialized tools for infants and children. Rescuers learn how to use these devices to administer effective rescue breaths.
• Two-Rescuer CPR: In cases where two rescuers are present, Traditional CPR includes training on coordinated efforts. One rescuer performs chest compressions, while the other provides rescue breaths, ensuring a continuous cycle of life support.
• Certification and Renewal: Completing Traditional CPR training typically results in certification, which is often required for healthcare professionals, lifeguards, and others. Certification is usually valid for two years, and renewal courses are available to keep skills up-to-date.
• Integration with AEDs: Traditional CPR training is often paired with AED (Automated External Defibrillator) training. Rescuers learn how to use AEDs to analyze heart rhythms and deliver electric shocks if necessary. CPR helps to maintain blood flow while the AED is prepared for use.

In summary, Traditional CPR Training offers a more comprehensive approach to life support during cardiac emergencies. It combines chest compressions with rescue breaths to deliver oxygen to the victim's lungs, making it suitable for various situations and often required for healthcare professionals and other responders who need advanced CPR skills.

Who Should Take First Aid and CPR Classes?

First Aid and CPR classes are valuable for anyone, but they are especially important for parents, caregivers, teachers, healthcare professionals, and those in high-risk jobs.

Where to Find First Aid and CPR Classes

These classes are offered by various organizations, including the American Red Cross, local community centers, and online platforms. Consider the method of instruction that best suits your learning style.

Online vs. In-Person Classes

Choose between in-person and online classes based on your preferences and schedule. In-person classes provide hands-on experience, while online classes offer flexibility.

How to Prepare for Your First Aid and CPR Class

Before your class, ensure you have the necessary materials and dress comfortably. Approach the training with an open mind and a willingness to learn.

What to Expect During the Class

Classes usually involve a mix of theoretical knowledge and practical exercises, which may include using mannequins to practice CPR.

Certification and Renewal

Upon completing your class, you'll receive a certification that is typically valid for two years. Renewing your certification ensures you remain up to date with the latest techniques.

Benefits of First Aid and CPR Certification

Being certified in First Aid and CPR enhances your resume, and it equips you to respond effectively during emergencies, making your community a safer place.

Real-Life Stories: The Impact of First Aid and CPR Knowledge

Read inspiring real-life stories where individuals with First Aid and CPR training made a life-saving difference.

Conclusion

First Aid and CPR classes are not just about learning skills; they are about saving lives. By taking these courses, you become a crucial link in the chain of survival, ensuring that those in need receive immediate assistance.

FAQs

Are First Aid and CPR classes suitable for everyone?

Yes, these classes are designed for a wide range of individuals, from parents to healthcare professionals.

How long does it take to become certified in First Aid and CPR?

The duration varies but usually takes a few hours to a few days, depending on the class type.

Do online First Aid and CPR classes provide the same level of training as in-person classes?

Online classes offer flexibility and cover essential skills, but in-person classes provide hands-on experience.

Can I renew my First Aid and CPR certification after it expires?

Yes, most certifications can be renewed by taking a refresher course.

Where can I sign up for First Aid and CPR classes?

You can find classes through organizations like the American Red Cross or local community centers, and you can also explore online options.

First Aid and CPR classes equip individuals with the knowledge and skills needed to respond effectively in emergencies. By choosing the right class and maintaining your certification, you can make a significant impact on the safety of your community. Don't wait; get started today!

Learn valuable life saving skills become cpr first aid certified today. First aid is the assistance given to any person suffering a serious illness or injury with care provided to preserve life prevent the condition from worsening or.

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